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Standards And Recommended Practices (SARPs) are technical specifications adopted by the Council of ICAO in accordance with Article 37 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation in order to achieve "the highest practicable degree of uniformity in regulations, standards, procedures and organization in relation to aircraft, personnel, airways and auxiliary services in all matters in which such uniformity will facilitate and improve air navigation". SARPs are published by ICAO in the form of Annexes to Chicago Convention. SARPs do not have the same legal binding force as the Convention itself, because Annexes are not international treaties. Moreover States agreed to "undertake to collaborate in securing (...) uniformity", not to "comply with".〔Michael Milde, ''International Air Law and ICAO'', Eleven International Publishing, 2008〕 Each Contracting State may notify the ICAO Council of differences between SARPs and its own regulations and practices.〔Chicago Convention, Article 38.〕 Those differences are published in the form of Supplements to Annexes. A ''Standard'' is defined by ICAO as "any specification for physical characteristics, configuration, material, performance, personnel or procedure, the uniform application of which is recognized as necessary for the safety or regularity of international air navigation and to which Contracting States will conform in accordance with the Convention".〔Assembly Resolution A36-13, Appendix A. ICAO Doc 9902, Assembly Resolutions in force as of 28 September 2007 http://www.icao.int/icaonet/dcs/9902/index.html〕 A ''Recommended Practice'' is defined by ICAO as "any specification for physical characteristics, configuration, material, performance, personnel or procedure, the uniform application of which is recognized as desirable in the interest of safety, regularity or efficiency of international air navigation and to which Contracting States will endeavour to conform in accordance with the Convention".〔Assembly Resolution A36-13, Appendix A. ICAO Doc 9902, Assembly Resolutions in force as of 28 September 2007 http://www.icao.int/icaonet/dcs/9902/index.html〕 ==Verification of compliance with SARPs== ICAO verifies compliance with SARPs through audits of state oversight systems. Currently there are two audit programmes: * Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme (USOAP)〔http://www2.icao.int/en/usoap/Pages/default.aspx〕 * Universal Security Audit Programme (USAP)〔http://www2.icao.int/en/AVSEC/USAP/default.aspx〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「standards and recommended practices」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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